{"id":6477,"date":"2018-10-12T12:38:31","date_gmt":"2018-10-12T12:38:31","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-02-18T01:02:03","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T01:02:03","slug":"terrorism-act-2000-2006","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lawteacher.net\/acts\/terrorism-act-2000-2006.php","title":{"rendered":"Terrorism Acts Summary 2000 & 2006"},"content":{"rendered":"

A late 20th century snapshot of terrorism in the UK reveals a recently ended IRA ceasefire in 1996, the deaths of two people as a result of the Canary Wharf bomb, 200 people injured in Manchester city centre and a recommendation from Lord Lloyd of Berwick regarding a permanent anti-terrorism law to replace temporary statutes applicable mainly to Northern Ireland.[1]<\/sup><\/a> The outcome was the Terrorism Act 2000, (TA 2000) with seven parts, sixteen schedules and 300 pages.[2]<\/sup><\/a> The TA 2000 was an amalgamation of much of the Northern Irish legislation but given a broader application.<\/p>\n

The TA 2000 adopted a very wide definition of terrorism, which focuses on both the motivations of terrorist conduct as well as its methods.[3]<\/sup><\/a> It includes not only violence against persons by \u201cserious damage to property\u201d.[4]<\/sup><\/a> It has been criticised for being \u201csweepingly broad and extraordinarily vague\u201d.[5]<\/sup><\/a>Another controversial aspect of the TA 2000 was the authority of a senior police officer to authorise the use of blanket stop and searches within a specified geographical area under section 44 and renewable for up to 28 days.[6]<\/sup><\/a> There was no requirement for police to have grounds for suspecting terrorist activity; powers were to be used to search for articles connected with terrorism.[7]<\/sup><\/a> Evidence suggests that ethnic minorities were effected disproportionality by these powers. In the months that followed the 2005 London bombings there was a twelvefold increase in the stop and searches of black and Asian people in London, compared to a fivefold increase in white people.[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Powers under section 44 have since been repealed; however, powers to stop, examine and detain travellers by air and sea under Schedule 7 remain.[9]<\/sup><\/a> A new section 47A was implemented after section 44 was found to infringe the right to a private and family life under Article 8 ECHR[10]<\/sup><\/a>[11]<\/sup><\/a> The TA 2000 also includes anomalies such a three months prison sentence for a breach of a police cordon around a package suspected of being terrorism-related[12]<\/sup><\/a> and a sentence of one month for a similar breach when the package is suspect but not terrorism-related.[13]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

The Terrorism Act 2006 (TA 2006) was passed in response to the London bombings of 2005.[14]<\/sup><\/a> It was characterised with the \u201cpanic filled retreat from human rights laws\u201d typical of anti-terrorism legislation.[15]<\/sup><\/a> The TA 2006 extended the length of time that a terror suspect could be detained without charge[16]<\/sup><\/a> and introduced measures that curtailed freedom of expression.[17]<\/sup><\/a> As a counter measure, an independent review of terrorism was also introduced via the TA 2006.[18]<\/sup><\/a> Further measures were introduced with the criminalisation of preparatory acts of terrorism; many individuals may not be involved in the terrorist acts themselves, or any part of a conspiracy, but it covers those sending equipment to fighters in Afghanistan.[19]<\/sup><\/a> The TA 2006 further elaborates on acts of terrorism by creating offences of publication or dissemination of terrorist publications.[20]<\/sup><\/a> Finally, the TA 2006 also creates an offence of attending a location that is known to be used for the training of terrorists, regardless of why the person is actually there.[21]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Bibliography<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

i. Cases<\/u><\/p>\n

Gillan and Quinton v United Kingdom <\/em>(Application no 4158\/05)<\/p>\n

R(Kurdistan Workers Party) v Secretary of State for the Home Dept <\/em>[2002] EWHC 644<\/p>\n

ii. Legislation<\/u><\/p>\n

European Convention of Human Rights 1953<\/p>\n

Terrorism Act 2000<\/p>\n

Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n

iii. Books\/Articles<\/u><\/p>\n

Alder, J., Constitutional and Administrative Law <\/em>(Palgrave MacMillan, 2015)<\/p>\n

Anderson, D. QC, Shielding the compass: how to fight terrorism without defeating the law (2013) 3 European Human Rights Law Review, 233-246<\/p>\n

McKeever, D., The Human Rights Act and anti-terrorism in the UK: one great leap forward by Parliament, but are the courts able to slow the steady retreat that has followed (2010) Jan, Public Law, 110-139<\/p>\n

Moeckli, D., Stop and Search Under the Terrorism Act 2000: A Comment on R(Gillan) v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis <\/em>(2007) 70(4) The Modern Law Review, 659-669,<\/p>\n

iv. Online<\/u><\/p>\n

Anderson, D.\u00a0 Report on the Operation in 2010 of the Terrorism Acts 2000 and 2006, July 2011, para.6.14.<\/p>\n

[online] accessed 29th January 2016<\/p>\n

v. Newspaper<\/u><\/p>\n

Dodd,V. \u2018Surge in Stop and Search of Asian People after July 7\u2019, The Guardian <\/em>24 December 2005.<\/p>\n

\n
\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a>David Anderson QC, Shielding the compass: how to fight terrorism without defeating the law (2013) 3 European Human Rights Law Review, 233-246, p.233<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> ibid p.234<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a>David McKeever, The Human Rights Act and anti-terrorism in the UK: one great leap forward by Parliament, but are the courts able to slow the steady retreat that has followed (2010) Jan, Public Law, 110-139, p.115<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> Section 1 Terrorism Act 2000<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> Richards J in R(Kurdistan Workers Party) v Secretary of State for the Home Dept <\/em>[2002] EWHC 644<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a>Daniel Moeckli, Stop and Search Under the Terrorism Act 2000: A Comment on R(Gillan) v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis <\/em>(2007) 70(4) The Modern Law Review, 659-669, p.659<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> Section 45(1)(a) Terrorism Act 2000<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> V. Dodd, \u2018Surge in Stop and Search of Asian People after July 7\u2019The Guardian 24 December 2005.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> Anderson, supra <\/em>n.1, p.238<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a>Gillan and Quinton v United Kingdom <\/em>(Application no 4158\/05)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> European Convention of Human Rights 1953<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> Section 3 Terrorism Act 2000<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a>D. Anderson, Report on the Operation in 2010 of the Terrorism Acts 2000 and 2006, July 2011, para.6.14.<\/p>\n

[online] accessed 29th January 2016<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> John Alder, Constitutional and Administrative Law <\/em>(Palgrave MacMillan, 2015) p.577<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15]<\/sup><\/a> ibid<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16]<\/sup><\/a> Section 23 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17]<\/sup><\/a> Sections 1-3 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18]<\/sup><\/a> Section 36 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19]<\/sup><\/a> Section 5 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20]<\/sup><\/a> Sections 1-2 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21]<\/sup><\/a> Section 8 Terrorism Act 2006<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Act summaries legal essay for LawTeacher.net titled Terrorism Acts Summary 2000 & 2006.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[85],"class_list":["post-6477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-acts","tag-uk-law"],"yoast_head":"\nTerrorism Acts Summary 2000 & 2006 | LawTeacher.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Act summaries legal essay for LawTeacher.net titled Terrorism Acts Summary 2000 & 2006.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lawteacher.net\/acts\/terrorism-act-2000-2006.php\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Terrorism Acts 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